SIDE EFFECTS OF MEDICINES
Keywords:
Keywords: medicines, side effects, adverse drug reactions, medication safety, drug interactions, pharmacovigilance, patient health, rational drug useAbstract
Annotation: Medicines play an essential role in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of
diseases. However, in addition to their therapeutic benefits, medicines may cause unwanted or harmful
effects known as side effects or adverse drug reactions. These reactions can range from mild symptoms,
such as nausea and headache, to serious conditions that require immediate medical attention. This article
examines the main types of medication side effects, their causes, risk factors, and preventive measures.
It also emphasizes the importance of rational medicine use, patient education, and pharmacovigilance
in improving medication safety.
References
References
1. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Finding and Learning about Side Effects (Adverse
Reactions). Available at: https://www.fda.gov/drugs/drug-information-consumers/finding-andlearning-about-side-effects-adverse-reactions
2. MedlinePlus, U.S. National Library of Medicine. Drug Reactions. Available at:
https://medlineplus.gov/drugreactions.html
3. Health New Zealand. Side Effects of Medicines. Available at:
https://www.healthnz.govt.nz/health-topics/tests-and-treatments/medicines/side-effects-of-medicines
4. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia. Drug Allergies. Available at:
https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000819.htm
5. World Health Organization (WHO). Patient Safety. Available at: https://www.who.int/newsroom/fact-sheets/detail/patient-safety
